References
[1]. Abatan Ella and Spies Yolanda, 'African Solutions to African Problems? The AU, R2P and Cote d'Ivoire' (University of
South, South Africa, 2016): https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/52585/Abatan_African_2016.pdf?sequence=1
(accessed 14/03/2018).
[2]. Ade Adefuye, 'Obasanjo: Commonwealth Chairperson- Challenge and Strategy, 2004-2005,' in Bola Akinterinwa A.
(ed.) Nigeria’s New Foreign Policy Thrust: Essays in Honour of Ambassador Oluyemi Adeniji, CON (Vantage Publishers,
Ibadan, 2004), pp. 402-417.
[3]. Adekeye Adebajo and Christopher Landsberg 'South Africa and Nigeria as regional Hegemons,' in Mwesiga Baregu and
Christopher Landsberg (eds.). From Cape to Congo Southern Africa's evolving Security challenges. (Lynne Rienner
Publishers, Inc., London, 2003), pp. 171-205.
[4]. Adekeye Adebajo, 'Nigeria and South Africa: rivalries, rows and reconciliations,' Centre for Conflict Resolutions
68, 7 (2012).
[5]. Adewale Banjo, 'South Africa-Nigeria Diplomatic and Economic Relations, 1994 to 2004,' African Review 2, 1
(2010), pp. 81-93.
[6]. Adibe Ideofor, 'Nigeria: Dr. Zuma's Emergence as Chairperson of the AU Commission,' Daily Trust. 19 July 2012.
At: http://allafrica.com/stories/201207190283.html (accessed 01/03/2016).
[7]. African Union, Peace and Security Council. Available at: http://www.peaceau.org/en/page/38-peace-and-security-
council [accessed 14/03/2018].
[8]. Akinola Adeoye O. and Ndawonde Nompumelelo, 'NEPAD: Talking from the South, Governing from the West,'
International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-Inter - and Transdisciplinarity 11, 2 (2016), pp. 38-51.
[9]. Alfredo Hengari and Oladiran Bello, 'Revamping Nigeria-South Africa Relations key to Continental Progress,' South
African Institute of International Affairs, 2013).
[10]. Andrea K. Grove, Political Leadership in Foreign Policy: Manipulating Support across Borders (Palgrave
Macmillan, New York, 2007).
[11]. Arrigo Pallotti and Lorenzo Zambernardi (2016) 'Twenty Years after: Post-Apartheid South Africa, the BRICS and
Southern Africa,' in Arrigo Pallotti and Ulf Engel (eds.), South Africa after Apartheid: Policies and Challenges of the
Democratic Transition (Brill Rodopodi and Hotei Publishing, the Netherlands, 2016), pp. 220-239.
[12]. Blessing-Miles Tendi, Making History in Mugabe's Zimbabwe: Politics, Intellectuals and the Media (International
Academic Publishers, Bern, Switzerland, 2010).
[13]. Bridges News, 'Africa Establishes Union, Solidifies NEPAD,' Bridges 6 26 (2002). At:
https://www.ictsd.org/bridges-news/bridges/news/africa-establishes-union-solidifies-nepad [accessed 13/03/2018].
[14]. Chris Alden and Anseeuw, Ward Land, Liberation and Compromise in Southern Africa (Palgrave Macmillan, London,
2009).
[15]. Chris Landsberg, 'An African 'concert of powers'? Nigeria and South Africa's Construction of the AU and NEPAD,'
in Adekeye, Adebajo and Mustapha, Abdul R. (eds.), Gulliver's Troubles: Nigeria's Foreign Policy after the Cold War (South
Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2008), pp. 203-219,
[16]. Chris Landsberg, 'Towards a Post-Apartheid South Africa Foreign Policy Review,' in Chris Landsberg and, J. Van
Wyk (eds.), South African Foreign Policy Review. (1st edn.) (The Africa Institute of South, Africa South Africa, 2012),
pp. 1-17.
[17]. D. Geldenhuys, 'South Africa: The idea-driven foreign policy of a regional power,' in Flemes D. (ed.), Regional
leadership in the global system: Ideas, interests and strategies (Ashgate, Surrey, 2010), pp. 151-168.
[18]. Daniela Kroslak, 'South Africa's Implementation of its Own Peacekeeping Model in Africa: A Reality check,' in
Kurt Shillinger (ed.), Africa's Peacemaker? Lessons from South African Conflict Mediation (Jacana Media, Cape Town, 2009),
pp. 41-49.
[19]. David Francis J., Uniting Africa: Building Regional Peace and Security Systems (Ashgate Publishing Limited,
Hampshire, 2006).
[20]. Devon E. A. Curtis, 'South Africa's peacekeeping Efforts in Africa: Ideas, Interests and Influence,' in, Adekeye
Adebajo and Kudrat Virk (eds.), Foreign Policy in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Security, Diplomacy and Trade (I.B. Tauris
and Co. Ltd, London, 2017).
[21]. Elissa Jobson, African Union chooses first female leader,' The Guardian. 16 July 2012,
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/16/african-union-first-female-leader (accessed 20/03/2018).
[22]. Gilbert M. Khadiagala and Fritz Nganje, 'The Evolution of South Africa's Democracy promotion in Africa: from
Idealism to Pragmatism,' Cambridge Review of International Affairs 29, 4 (2016), pp.1561-1581.
[23]. Goddy. U. Osimen, et al., 'Peace Keeping Role of Nigeria in Sub-Sahara Africa,' International Journal of
Research in Humanities and Social Studies 2, 10 (2015), http://www.ijrhss.org/pdf/v2-i10/4.pdf (accessed 01/03/2016).
[24]. Habib Adam, 'South Africa's Foreign Policy: Hegemonic Aspirations, Neoliberal Orientations and Global
Transformation,' South African Journal of International Affairs 16, 2 (2009), pp. 143-159.
[25]. Hannatu Musawa, 'The Battle for Supremacy between Nigeria and South Africa,' Premium Times. 20 December 2013,
http://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/151803-battle-supremacy-nigeria-south-africa-hannatu-musawa.html (accessed
15/03/2016).
[26]. International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect, 'The Crisis in Cote d'Ivoire,' At:
http://www.responsibilitytoprotect.org/index.php/crises/crisis-in-ivory-coast (accessed 14/03/2018).
[27]. Jeremy Sarkin, 'South Africa's (past, present and future) relationship to the International Criminal Court and
international criminal justice,' in Doutje Lettinga and, Lars Van Troost (eds.), Shifting Power and Human Rights Diplomacy
South Africa (Amnesty International, the Netherland, 2016), pp. 65-85.
[28]. John Campbell, 'From Africa in Transition AU ICC Withdrawal Recommendation Means little,' Council on Foreign
Relations. 2 February 2017, https://www.cfr.org/blog/au-icc-withdrawal-recommendation-means-little (accessed 18/03/2018).
[29]. Joseph Ebegbulem, 'An Evaluation of Nigeria-South Africa Bilateral Relations,' Journal of International
Relations and Foreign Policy 1, 1 (2013), pp. 32-40.
[30]. Joseph Ebegbulem, 'Nigeria and Conflict Resolution in Africa: The Darfur Experience,' Transcience 3, 2 (2012),
pp. 17-33.
[31]. Karen Smith, 'South Africa's Past, Present and Future Foreign Human Rights Policy and Diplomacy' in Doutje
Lettinga and Lars Van Troost (eds.), Shifting Power and Human Rights Diplomacy South Africa. (Amnesty International,
Netherland, 2016), pp. 17-24.
[32]. Knox Chitiyo and Steve Kibble, 'Zimbabwe's International Re-engagement the long Haul to Recovery,' (Chatham
House Report, 2014).
[33]. Kwesi Aning, 'Healer or Hegemon: Assessing Perceptions of South Africa's Role in African Mediation,' in: Kurt
Shillinger (ed.), Africa's Peacemaker? Lessons from South African Conflict Mediation (Jacana Media, Cape Town, 2009), pp.
49-66.
[34]. Lawrence Mhandara and Andrew Pooe, 'Introduction,' in Doutje Lettinga and Lars Van Troost (eds.), Shifting Power
and Human Rights Diplomacy South Africa (Amnesty International, Netherland, 2016), pp. 1-38.
[35]. Martin Rupaya, 'Zimbabwe in South Africa's Foreign Policy: A Zimbabwean View,' International Affairs (2002/03),
pp. 161-170.
[36]. Martin Welz, Integrating Africa: Decolonization's Legacies, Sovereignty and the African Union (Routledge,
London, 2013).
[37]. Mehari T. Maru, (2012) 'Rethinking and Reforming the African Union Commission Elections,' African Security
Review 21, 4 (2012), pp. 64-78.
[38]. Mills Soko and Neil Balchin, 'South Africa's Quest for Leadership in Africa: Achievements, Constraints and
Dilemmas,' in Stephen Kingali and Cintia Quiliconi (eds.) Global and Regional Leadership in BRICS Countries (Springer
International Publishing, Switzerland, 2016), pp. 367-392.
[39]. Nicolas Cook 'Cote d'Ivoire Post-Gbagbo: Crisis Recovery' (Congressional Research Service, 2011)
https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21989.pdf (accessed 21/07/2017).
[40]. Olusola Ogunnubi and Lere Amusan, 'Nigeria's Attitude towards South Africa's Perceived Xenophobia: Exploring a
Shared Hegemonic Power for Africa's Development,' in Adeoye A. Akinola, (ed.), The Political Economy of Xenophobia in
Africa. (Springer Nature, Switzerland, 2018), pp. 53-69.
[41]. Olusola Ogunnubi and O. Babatunde Amao, 'South Africa's Emerging "Soft Power" Influence in Africa and Its
Impending Limitations: Will the Giant Be Able to Weather the Storm?' African Security 9, 4 (2016), pp. 299-319.
[42]. Osita Agbu, et al. (2013) 'The Foreign Policy Environment in Nigeria and Implications for Nigeria-South Africa
Relations: Baseline Study,' South African Foreign Policy Initiative 54 (2013).
[43]. Rupaya R. Martin, 'Introduction,' in R. Rupaya R. Martin (ed.), Zimbabwe's Military: Examining its Veto Power in
the Transition to Democracy, 2003-2008 (The African Public Policy and Research Institute, Pretoria, 2013), pp. 1-8.
[44]. Samuel M. Makinda, et al., The African Union: Addressing the Challenges of Peace, Security, and Governance (2nd
edn) (Routledge, New York, 2016).
[45]. Sandra Ochieng'-Springer, Interrelationship between the African Union and Nigeria (University of the West
Indies, West Indies, Department of Government, Sociology and Social Work, 2011).
[46]. Thomas K. Tieku, 'Explaining the Clash and Accommodation of Interests of major Actors in the Creation of the
African Union,' African Affairs 103, 411 (2004), pp. 249-267.
International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research
