International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research
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Title:
Institutions and the Transformation of Energy-Dependent Cities: A Comparison of Houston and Qingyang

Authors:
Qingyu Shang

Journal: International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research (IJSSER)
ISSN: 2455-8834
Volume: 11
Issue: 8
Publication Date: August 2026
DOI: 10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.021

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Qingyu Shang
The High School Affiliated To Renmin University Of China

MLA 8
Shang, Qingyu. "Institutions and the Transformation of Energy-Dependent Cities: A Comparison of Houston and Qingyang." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, vol. 11, no. 8, Aug. 2026, pp. 3919-3949, doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.021. Accessed Aug. 2026.
APA 6
Shang, Q. (2026, August). Institutions and the Transformation of Energy-Dependent Cities: A Comparison of Houston and Qingyang. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 11(8), 3919-3949. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.021
Chicago
Shang, Qingyu. "Institutions and the Transformation of Energy-Dependent Cities: A Comparison of Houston and Qingyang." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research 11, no. 8 (August 2026), 3919-3949. Accessed August, 2026. https://doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.021.

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ABSTRACT:
The global energy transition poses existential challenges for cities historically dependent on fossil-fuel industries, which frequently confront industrial lock-in, fiscal reliance on resource extraction, and limited economic diversification. Drawing on a most-different-systems comparative design, this paper compares Houston, a U.S. city, and Qingyang, a Chinese city, to analyze how institutional context shapes the transformation of energy-dependent cities. Both cities share deep fossil-fuel dependence, yet they operate within sharply divergent governance structures: Houston exemplifies a market-driven, entrepreneurial model characterized by private investment, technological innovation, and labor-market flexibility, whereas Qingyang illustrates a state-oriented, policy-driven path reliant on top-down industrial planning, fiscal redistribution, and administrative coordination. The comparison suggests that the ability of resource-dependent cities to overcome path dependence depends not merely on resource endowments or external shocks, but critically on the institutions and policy mechanisms through which adjustment is managed. These findings provide policy implications for energy-dependent cities seeking to balance economic resilience, industrial upgrading, and environmental goals in the low-carbon transition.

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