Tanush Dokania

MLA 8
Dokania, Tanush. "Rethinking the Purpose of Business: From Shareholders to Stakeholders through CSR in Unilever and Patagonia." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, vol. 11, no. 8, Aug. 2026, pp. 4425-4436, doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.049. Accessed Aug. 2026.
APA 6
Dokania, T. (2026, August). Rethinking the Purpose of Business: From Shareholders to Stakeholders through CSR in Unilever and Patagonia. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 11(8), 4425-4436. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.049
Chicago
Dokania, Tanush. "Rethinking the Purpose of Business: From Shareholders to Stakeholders through CSR in Unilever and Patagonia." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research 11, no. 8 (August 2026), 4425-4436. Accessed August, 2026. https://doi.org/10.46609/IJSSER.2026.v11i08.049.

References

[1] . Brady, M. (2025). How Patagonia’s repairs program drives loyalty and customer advocacy | CX Dive. https://www.customerexperiencedive.com/news/patagonia-repairs-program-loyalty-customer-advocacy/740670/
[2] . CFI. (2020). Shareholder primacy. Corporate Finance Institute. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/equities/what-is-shareholder-primacy/
[3] . Chauhan, Y. (2023). The evolution of responsible business. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2023/01/the-evolution-of-responsible-business/
[4] . CMA. (2023). Unilever’s ‘green’ claims come under CMA microscope. GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/unilevers-green-claims-come-under-cma-microscope
[5] . CMA. (2024). Fast moving consumer goods(Fmcg). GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/cma-cases/fast-moving-consumer-goods-fmcg
[6] . Freeman, E., & Mcvea, J. (2001). A Stakeholder Approach to Strategic Management. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228320877_A_Stakeholder_Approach_to_Strategic_Management
[7] . Friedman, M. (1970). A Friedman doctrine?- The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/13/archives/a-friedman-doctrine-the-social-responsibility-of-business-is-to.html
[8] . Hendry, J. (2015). Missing the target: Normative stakeholder theory and the corporate governance debate. Business Ethics Quarterly, 11(1), 159–176. https://doi.org/10.2307/3857875
[9] . Jensen, M. C. (2002). Value maximization, stakeholder theory, and the corporate objective function. Business Ethics Quarterly, 12(2), 235–256. https://doi.org/10.2307/3857812
[10] . Jonker, A., & McGrath, A. (2023). What is corporate social responsibility (Csr)? | ibm. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/corporate-social-responsibility
[11] . McKinsey & Company. (2023). Patagonia shows how turning a profit doesn’t have to cost the Earth. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/agriculture/our-insights/patagonia-shows-how-turning-a-profit-doesnt-have-to-cost-the-earth
[12] . Naidu, R., & Kerber, R. (2022). Unilever under Presdure to Show Sustainablity Focus Is Good for Business. https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/unilever-under-pressure-show-sustainability-focus-is-good-business-2022-02-09/
[13] . Patagonia. (2025). Annual Benefit Corporation Report. https://www.patagonia.com/on/demandware.static/-/Library-Sites-PatagoniaShared/default/dwb2e1d605/PDF-US/PAT_2024_BCorp_Report-V2-100125.pdf
[14] . Patagonia’s next chapter: Earth is now our only shareholder. (2022, September 14). Patagonia Works. https://www.patagoniaworks.com/press/2022/9/14/patagonias-next-chapter-earth-is-now-our-only-shareholder
[15] . Rupp, D., Aguinis, H., Siegel, D., Glavas, A., & Aguilera, R. (2024). Corporate social responsibility research: An ongoing and worthwhile journey. Academy of Management Collections, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.5465/amc.2022.0006
[16] . Smith, D.Gordon. (1998). The shareholder primacy norm. Journal of Corporation Law, 23, 277–323. https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/faculty_scholarship/27
[17] . Tsai, W. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility: Where Does It Come from, and Where Does It Go?
[18] . UNEP. (2019). Patagonia—Entrepreneurial Vision. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.unep.org/championsofearth/laureates/2019/patagonia
[19] . Unilever. (2025a). Nutrition. https://www.unilever.com/brands/foods/nutrition/
[20] . Unilever. (2025b). Unilever Annual Report and Accounts 2024. https://www.unilever.com/files/unilever-annual-report-and-accounts-2024.pdf-4
[21] . Unilever. (2026a). https://www.unilever.com/our-company/at-a-glance/
[22] . Unilever. (2026b). https://www.unilever.com/sustainability/livelihoods/
[23] . Wijnberg, N. M. (2000). Normative stakeholder theory and aristotle: The link between ethics and politics. Journal of Business Ethics, 25(4), 329–342. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006086226794