References
[1]. Calvin Thomas, (ed), 'Introduction: Identification, Appropriation, Proliferation', in Straight
with a Twist: Queer Theory and the Subject of Heterosexuality, Champaign, IL: University of
Illinois Press, 2000.
[2]. See the writings of the both the writers, Judith Butler, Gender trouble: Feminism and the
subversion of identity, New York: Routledge, 1990 and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Epistemology
of the closet, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
[3]. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) communities in India are sexual
marginals that are often out of the Indian mainstream and stayed away from public gathering and
the town square. Their struggle for identity is called queer politics.
[4]. To read more about Indian queer, see, Arvind Narrain and Gautam Bhan (eds), Because I have
a voice, New Delhi: Yoda Press, 2009., Suparna Bhaskaran, Made in India: Decolonization,
queer sexualities, trans/national projects, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004 and Nivedita
Menon, (ed), Sexualities, London ; New York : Zed, 2007.
[5]. Iyengar, Swaroopa, 'The Internet: India's Different Gay Divide', Wired Magazine, San
Francisco, available at ,
accessed on 05 August 2013.
[6]. This idea has been at the centre of writings of many scholars who specialised on queer studies.
For examples, Anne Philips, The Politics of Presence, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998., Nancy
Fraser, 'Social Justice in the age of Identity Politics: Redistribution, Recognition and
Participation' in Grethe B. Peterson (eds), The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Vol. 19, Salt
Lake City, UT: The University of Utah Pres, 1998, pp. 1-67 and Iris Marian Young, Justice and
the Politics of Difference, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990.
[7]. www.sahodaran.org
[8]. http://mingle.org.in/
[9]. See, Mingle, , accessed on 18
August 2013.
[10]. www.bombaydost.co.in
[11]. www.pink-pages.co.in
[12]. See, Pink Pages, , accessed on
18 August 2013.
[13]. www.galva108.org
[14]. See, QueerCampus, viewed on, https://www.facebook.com/qcampusonline/info, accessed on
18 August 2013.
[15]. See, https://www.facebook.com/events/460572877327787/
[16]. See http://mingle.org.in/
[17]. Mingle, , accessed on 18
August 2013.
[18]. www.planetromeo.com
[19]. http://www.pinksofa.com
[20]. www.rainbowprideconnection.net/
[21]. www.gaybombay.org
[22]. http://queerazaadi.wordpress.com/
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[24]. www.facebook.com/jiahmag, accessed on 02 September 2013
[25]. http://sahodari.org/thirunangai/
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[29]. Jac sm Kee, EROTICS: Exploratory Research on Sexuality and the Internet (APC), February
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[30]. Indian queer engage in the discourse of sexuality by confronting the social institutions of
compulsory heterosexuality and hetero-normativity and exposing the restrictions caused by their
normalising effects on gender, sexuality, class, caste and religion
[31]. Thomas 2000.
[32]. Scholarship on this area is available in many writings. For example, see Amara Das
Wilhelm, 'Tritiya-Prakriti: People of the Third Sex: Understanding Homosexuality, Transgender
Identity and Intersex Conditions through Hinduism', Xlibris, Corp, 2010 and Ruth Vanita and
Saleem Kidwai, Same-Sex Love in India: Readings from Literature and History, New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2001.
[33]. The Times of India, Delhi, 3 July 2009, Front Page 1
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[35]. Vinay Sitapati, Sexuality Equality, Indian express, 03 Jul 2009,
< http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sexuality-equality/484498/>, accessed on 29 August
2013.
[36]. Dipak Kumar Dash and Sanjay Yadav, 'In a first, Gurgaon court recognizes lesbian
marriage', The Times of India, 29 Jul 2011, <
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/In-a-first-Gurgaon-court-recognizes-lesbianmarriage/articleshow/9401421.cms>,
accessed on 31 August 2013.
[37]. IANS, 'Indian gays and lesbians romancing in toilets, stores', Mid Day, 23 December 2012,
< http://www.mid-day.com/articles/indian-gays-and-lesbians-romancing-in-toiletsstores/193742>,
accessed on 25 August 2013.
[38]. Hijras and aravanis are, descriptively speaking, transgender/transsexual women's identities
in South Asia.
[39]. Fabrice Houdart, 'From India: Sexual Minorities and the Gender Agenda', 17May2012,
< http://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/india-sexual-minorities-and-genderagenda>,
accessed on 18 August 2013.
[40]. Kothis are effeminate gay men who mostly come from working or lower middle classes and
largely identify as the passive sexual partner, though not exclusively.
[41]. See Sedgwick 1990, Butler 1990.
[42]. K S. Young, Cybersexual Addiction, 1999,
accessed on 14 December 2014.