Title: SHIFTING CULTIVATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON OF DHALAI RIVER
BASIN AND ALTERNATIVE OPTION, TRIPURA, INDIA
Authors: Mandira Shaw
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Mandira Shaw
Guest Lecturer of Shirakole Mahavidyalaya, Shirakole,
South 24 parganas, Pin-743513,West Bengal, India
MLA 8 Shaw, Mandira. "SHIFTING CULTIVATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON OF DHALAI RIVER BASIN AND ALTERNATIVE OPTION, TRIPURA, INDIA." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, vol. 3, no. 9, Sept. 2018, pp. 5096-5111, ijsser.org/more2018.php?id=354. Accessed Sept. 2018.
APA Shaw, M. (2018, September). SHIFTING CULTIVATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON OF DHALAI RIVER BASIN AND ALTERNATIVE OPTION, TRIPURA, INDIA. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 3(9), 5096-5111. Retrieved from ijsser.org/more2018.php?id=354
Chicago Shaw, Mandira. "SHIFTING CULTIVATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON OF DHALAI RIVER BASIN AND ALTERNATIVE OPTION, TRIPURA, INDIA." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research 3, no. 9 (September 2018), 5096-5111. Accessed September, 2018. ijsser.org/more2018.php?id=354.
References [1]. J.B Ganguly in the year 1968 wrote a book named "Jhumias Of Tripura" on which he
showed the details of the Jhum cultivation of Tripura in its various districts. He pointed
out the past present and future of jhum cultivation relating to the life styles of the
jhumias.
[2]. In the year 2004, a book named "Agriculture in Tripura: problems and prospects" was
written by Salim Shah. In his book in chapter 5, "The hum Cultivation and Jhumia
Rehabitation" shows about the present position of jhum cultivation in Tripura and its
Rehabitation Schemes.
[3]. Another book in the year 2008, "economic impact of Raids on the Shifting Cultivatiors of
Tripura" was written by Malabika Das Gupta. She analyzed the economic consequences
of the Lushai Raids of the nineteenth century on the shifting cultivators of Tripura both
long and short run.
[4]. Shifting Cultivation and Conservation of Biological Diversity in Tripura, Northeast India
By A. K. Gupta (Human Ecology, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2000) his paper describes the successes
achieved by the state government in providing the jhumias (tribes practicing jhumming)
with various non-jhumming options. Recommendations include the need for short and
long term control measures, improvement of existing jhumming methods, and integration
of traditional knowledge with new practices.
[5]. "Jhumias of Tripura" by Malabika Dasgupta(Economic and Political Weekly Vol XXI,
Nos 44 and 45, November 1-8, 1986) she again explained about the jhumias and their
economic strategy and rehabitation of the jhumias.
[6]. Dr. Indraneel Bhowmik (Research Advisor, ITTO Pre-Project & Asstt. Prof. in
Economics, Tripura University), in his project titled "A Study Report on the SocioEconomic
Condition of the Shifting Cultivators of Tripura" showed the economic
conditions of the jhumias in all the four districts of the state.
[7]. Revolution of Jhumia's life through Rubber plantation: A Case Study of Dhalai District,
Tripura Sukanta Sarkar, (Lecturer in Economics, ICFAI University, Agartala, Tripura,
India, June 6, 2010)This Case study in Dhalai district in Tripura shows that rubber
plantation has able to change the economic life of jhumia's.
[8]. "Shifting cultivation, a case study to evaluate soil fertility" was the paper published by
the ICAR research complex for NEH region, Tripura Centre, of Lembucharra, Tripura.
They studied the impact of jhum cultivation on the soil of west and South Tripura
Districts.
[9]. Another paper by R.S Tripathi and S.K. Barik was published entitled "shifting cultivation
in North East India". They studied the various areas of northeast that is being effected by
jhum cultivation and positive as well as negetime impact of jhum cultivation.
Abstract: Shifting Cultivation or Slash and burn agricultural (locally called as Jhum) is the main form of
agriculture in the hills of north east India. In view of the mountainous terrain, settled cultivation
constitutes only a small portion of the total cultivated land, which is mostly confined to the
valley land. The shifting cultivation is a time-tested system of agricultural practices, most often
evolved indigenously and is strongly based on traditional knowledge. It used to be an appropriate
and sustainable land use practice in diverse Socio-economic set ups where the dependent human
population was within the carrying capacity of a 10-15 year Jhum Cycle. However, today the
scientist view is shifting cultivation as environmentally destructive and a faulty land use practice
having very low output-input ratio. The shifting cultivation became unsustainable primarily due
to the increase in population that led to increase in food demand, the Jhum cycle got shortened
which resulted in the overall decrease of crop yield. This necessitated in bringing more virgin
forest area, under the shifting cultivation. Thus, the vicious cycle continued and more forest
areas were converted to wasteland as a result of repeated Jhum having very short (often 2-3
years) cycles. The present paper describes the status of shifting cultivation in Tripura India and
reviews the works done on various alternative farming systems in the region as well as many
other possible alternative that may be acceptable to the people of Tripura as modified shifting
cultivation practice.
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