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Title: THE KERALA PATTERN OF COMMUNISM, 1957-1959: NEUTRALIZATION OF THE POLICE AND JUDICIARY
Authors: Dr. V. D. Radhakrishnan
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Dr. V. D. Radhakrishnan Asst. Professor, P G and Research Department of Political Science, S N College, Kollam, Kerala, India
MLA 8 Radhakrishnan, Dr. V. D. "THE KERALA PATTERN OF COMMUNISM, 1957-1959: NEUTRALIZATION OF THE POLICE AND JUDICIARY." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, vol. 5, no. 1, Jan. 2020, pp. 165-181, ijsser.org/more2020.php?id=11. Accessed Jan. 2020. APA(6) Radhakrishnan, D. (2020, January). THE KERALA PATTERN OF COMMUNISM, 1957-1959: NEUTRALIZATION OF THE POLICE AND JUDICIARY. Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research, 5(1), 165-181. Retrieved from ijsser.org/more2020.php?id=11 Chicago Radhakrishnan, Dr. V. D. "THE KERALA PATTERN OF COMMUNISM, 1957-1959: NEUTRALIZATION OF THE POLICE AND JUDICIARY." Int. j. of Social Science and Economic Research 5, no. 1 (January 2020), 165-181. Accessed January, 2020. ijsser.org/more2020.php?id=11.
References [1]. E.M.SNamboodiripad, Kerala on the March , Government of Kerala Publication. [2]. Victor M. Fic, Kerala ,Yenan of India: Rise of Communist Power, 1937 to 19669, Nachiketa Publications, Bombay, 1970 [3]. lbid. [4]. KainikkaraPadmanabhaPillai, The Communist Rule in Kerala, D. C Books, Kottayam. [5]. lbid. [6]. The Dinamani, Malayalam Daily,16/02/1959 ' The first Year' of the Communist rule in Kerala was an year of neutralization of the police force in the State. Keeping the police force in Kerala having a strength of 12000 under its thumb,the Government of Kerala gave license to the goondas of every rank, the goondas of the Communist Party, and the Cell Courts to perform anything' . (Translation) [7]. The Indian Express Editional, 30/07/1959 [8]. Victor M. Fic [9]. Inflation of electoral rolls in Kerala, the weekly 'Kerala' 05/07/1958. Also see 'inflation of the electoral rolls', report of the Chief Election Commissioner. [10]. Victor M. Fic [11]. lbid [12]. The Deccan Herald, 11/07/1958 'Kerala PSP forewarn People: be prepared to face civil War condition'. [13]. The Indian Express, 10/07/1958, 'Reds will be isolated and Annihilated'. [14]. The Deenabandhu, Malayalam daily, editorial, 07/07/1958; Also The Deepika editorial,12/07/1958. [15]. The Deccan Herald, 'Students Picket Ferry Service', 14/07/1958. [16]. Victor M Fic [17]. The Statesman, 26/07/1958, 'Communist have begun civil War: Kerala Opposition Call to the People' [18]. lbid [19]. The Statesman,23/08/1958, 'Father Vaddakan Explains Mission: Ending of Communist Rule in Kerala'. [20]. ' A Note on Christopher and other organisations', annexure No:VIII, a Communist Party of India Publication, reply to the memorandum of the K P C C to the President of the Indian Union. [21]. The Times of India, 27/07/1958 'Reds clash with non- Reds of Trichur : 5dead,' Police Fire on Quilon Workers: 2 Killed. [22]. The Indian Express,22/07/1958, 'Workers Abstain in Cannanore' [23]. The Hindu, 29/07/1958, ' Workers Strike in Coimbatore' [24]. The Deccan Herald , 30/07/1958. [25]. Victor M. Fic [26]. The Indian Express , 29/07/1958. [27]. The Times of India, 10/09/1958. [28]. K. M Munshi, 'Notes on the Kerala Situation' included in ' Indian Newspapers on the Communist Rule in Kerala' edited by Haji K. C. M. Methar. [29]. lbid [30]. The Times of India , 10/09/1958 [31]. The Indian Express , 28/071958, 'Kerala conflict only local : Nehru Rejects Civil War Theory'. [32]. The Statesman, 08/08/1958 [33]. The Statesman, 10/08/1958 [34]. The Deccan Herald, 11/808/1958
Abstract: Perhaps the most noteworthy feature of the Kerala Pattern of Communism was that it was based on the exploitation of the conflict inherent in the Constitution of the Indian Republic; between the Preamble of the Constitution and the Directive Principles of State Policy. Another feature of the 'Kerala Pattern of Communism' was that it stressed on the actual process of transition to be effected through direct actions of the Communist controlled mass organizations. These organizations made attempts to implement directly the ideas of the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy in order to overcome the limitations of State Government on private property and civil rights. This was on account of the fact that private property, civil rights and liberties are guaranteed by the Constitution and that any legislation of State Assemblies on these things must secure the concurrence of the Union Parliament. State Policy. On the one hand both the preamble and the policy call for the establishment of socialism in India, on the other, they guarantee the inviolability of private property and the sanctity of civil rights and liberties.

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